********** Appendix C - Learning Objectives and Learning Steps ********** Appendix Three for A System Approach To Training by Donald Clark copyright 1995 http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd.html donclark@nwlink.com ------------ Task Performance Measure - Training Form 2.1 ------------ 1. Department: Information Systems 2. Date: July 16, 1993 3. Analyst: Donald Linn 4. Department Supervisor: Susan Kindell 5. Job: Training Specialist - Microcomputers 6. Job Code: IS-205 7. Task Number:IS-0952-12 8. Task: Administers, organizes, and conducts training and educational programs in specialized applications of microcomputer systems. 9. Conditions: Given a computer lab, computer applications, 1 - 4 learners, training and computer references, training forms, and little or no supervision. Note: computer lab consists of five networked personal computers and one printer, and the required desks, chairs and accessories. 10. Behavior: Trains learners in microcomputer applications. 11. Performance Measure: The learners must be trained to the required performance standard listed in the training outline within the allotted time. Non-performers must be identified and the required action taken as listed in the company training policy. 12. Steps: 1. Receives class roster from Personnel. 2. Obtains necessary training documentation (i.e. Lesson Plan, Course Management Plan) and supplies (i.e. Learner Guides, slides, overhead transparencies) for conducting the class. 3. Distributes the Learner Guides prior to class date. 4. Checks computer lab to ensure all instructional items and equipment are present and in good working order. 5. Arranges for delivery of any needed audiovisual equipment. 6. Prepares for instructional role by rehearsing. 7. Starts class on schedule. 8. Maintains class records throughout class. 9. Presents material listed in Lesson Plan and follows the general outline. 10. Uses the following traits and techniques while conducting the instruction: is flexibility, shows spontaneity, provides empathy and compassion to learners, questions learners, is an active listener, gets feedback, uses positive reinforcement, and provides counseling. 11. If lecture is used, presents knowledge, ensuring the learners understand it. 12. If discussion is used, becomes a facilitator, directing and guiding the learners towards finding the correct answers to their questions, rather than being an answering service. 13. Provides coaching during hands-on-training. 14. Demonstrates new or difficult material in a manner that may be seen and understood by the learners. 15. Evaluates learners in the prescribed manner if required by Course Management Plan. 16. Grades tests and distributes scores as required. 17. Completes all learning activities and required functions during the allotted time period. 18. Completes class roster at end of training session and delivers it back to Personnel. Completes other forms and delivers them to the Training Manager. 19. Returns checked-out audiovisual equipment at end of training session. 20. Returns unused supplies and orders additional supplies if needed. 21. Makes arrangements for the repair or replacement of damaged equipment. 22. Ensures the computer lab is in good condition for the next training session. 23. Reviews class just given, searching for new training ideas, and then makes arrangements to incorporate new training material into the lesson. ---- Learning Objectives and Learning Steps for Training Specialist ---- Task Number: IS-0952-12 NOTE: The learning objectives in this example are presented in several different formats to show the variety of methods that can be used. Each training activity should define their own construction standard. Ensure they are clear and contain: one observable action, at least one measurable criterion, and the conditions of performance. Terminal Learning Objective: At the end of the training period the Training Specialist Candidate (TSC) will be able to train learners in microcomputer applications. The learners will be trained to the required performance standard listed in the training outline and within the allotted time. Non-performers must be identified and the required action taken as listed in the company training policy. All required forms must be completed fully and correctly. The TSC will be given a computer lab with required computer applications, 4 learners, training documents, computer references, and training forms. Enabling Learning Objectives (ELO) and their learning steps: A. First ELO: Complete administrative forms required for a class session. The TSC will be given a class roster and company training record. Both forms must be completed fully and correctly as prescribed in Company Training Manual. 1. Receive the class roster from Training Administration and check the heading for the following items for correctness: class name and number, start date and time, end date and time, training location, and instructor name and work phone number. The following learner items will then be checked: first name, last name, employee ID number, department, and work phone number. 2. Obtain and complete the following items on a company training record: class name, class number, class start date and time, class end date and time, training location, instructor name. The following learner items will then be completed for all learners: first name, last name, employee ID number, department, and work phone number. 3. During each period of the training session, mark both forms in the attendance section with the appropriate mark to indicate each learners attendance status. 4. If any class scheduling times or dates are changed for any reason, make a note of it and the reason why in the remarks section of the company training record. If any other unusual circumstance happens, such as a change of instructor, also make a note of it in the remarks section. 5. If tests are given, enter the following in the company training record: test name and date at the head of the test column and then enter each learner's score and pass or fail status in the correct row and test column. 6. At the end of the training session, complete the class roster by signing and dating it and then return it to Personnel. 7. Complete the company training record by signing it and dating it and delivering it to the Training Manager. B. Second ELO: Given a computer lab with required computer applications, training documents, and computer references, prepare the computer lab for a class session. The computers and printer must be checked for proper operation and to ensure that the required software applications are loaded. Each workstation must have a computer user manual, user manual for each software application, and two blank floppy disks. The correct training outline, course management plan (CMP), required number of learner guides, and other training material as outlined in the CMP must be on hand. If the lesson plan requires audiovisual aids, then the required equipment must be checked out from Supply and the correct audiovisual courseware must be obtained. At the end of the training session all material and equipment will be returned. 1. Obtain the necessary training documentation (i.e. Lesson Plan, CMP) and supplies (i.e. Learner Guides, slides, overhead transparencies) for conducting the class. 2. Distribute the Learner Guides prior to class date by stapling a completed forwarding slip on each guide and placing them in the Training Coordinator's outbox. 3. Check the computer lab to ensure all instructional items and equipment are present. 4. Check the operation and the presence of the required software of each computer by starting it up, running the application, and printing a test document. 5. Checks lesson plan for audiovisual requirements and arranges for delivery of any needed audiovisual equipment. 6. Return any audiovisual equipment at end of training session. 7. Returns unused supplies and orders additional supplies if needed. 8. Makes arrangements for the repair or replacement of damaged equipment. 9. Ensures the computer lab is in good condition for the next training session. C. Third ELO: Conduct a computer application lecture in a computer lab with required computer applications, 4 learners, training outline, learner guides, and course management plan. All material in the training outline must be presented in a clear and understandable manner. Questions must be asked by using the APC method. The class must start within one minute of the planned start time, and end within two minute of the planned end time. Uses flexibility and spontaneity during the class. 1. Starts class on schedule, give or take one minute. 2. Presents material in lesson plan in a clear and legible manner and follows the general outline. 3. Questions learners using the APC method. (Ask the question, Pause 5 sec., Call on someone) 4. Is flexibility by adapting the training program to meet the learners' needs. 5. Provides spontaneity by not presenting the material in a canned or contrived manner. 6. Ends class on schedule, give or take two minutes. D. Fourth ELO: The Training Specialist Candidate, given required computer applications, 4 learners, training outline, and course management plan, will conduct a computer demonstration in a computer lab that follows the training outline and allows all the learners to see and hear the demonstration. Questions must be asked to the learners to ensure their understanding. Must use empathy and compassion throughout the class. 1. Starts class on schedule. 2. Demonstrates a new or difficult material in a manner that may be seen and understood by all the learners. 3. Questions learners using the APC method. 4. Provides empathy by perceiving the learner's views during difficult exercises. 5. Provides compassion by alleviating stress when it is not conductive to the training program. 6. Ends class on schedule. E. Fifth ELO: Deliver a hands-on-training class about a computer application to four learners. Given a computer lab, required computer applications, training outline, learner guides, and course management plan, the material in the training outline must be presented in a manner that allows coaching of all learners while they are practicing. Listens actively and gets feedback throughout the class. 1. Starts class on schedule. 2. Provides coaching during hands-on-training. 3. Actively listens with a purpose in order to understand the learners. 4. Gets feedback by watching for verbal and nonverbal responses. 5. Ends class on schedule. F. Sixth ELO: Score a computer application performance test to four learners. Given a computer lab with required computer applications, four performance tests, performance test score sheet, training outline, and course management plan. The performance test must be scored to standards. Non-performers must be identified and the required action taken as listed in the company training policy. Uses positive reinforcement and provides counseling during the evaluation. 1. Reads the performance test directions to the learners and ensures they understand it. 2. Passes out and starts the performance test. 3. Evaluates learners in the prescribed manner. 4. Scores the performance test. 5. Provides directive and nondirective counseling. 6. Uses positive reinforcement on the learners retaking the performance test. 7. Identifies the non-performers and takes the appropriate action. NOTE: Notice how a large learning objective was broken down into smaller, more manageable objectives. Also, the objectives do not give a specific software application. The Training Specialist Candidate's skills and knowledge about specific software applications should be given in separate tasks. What the designer is saying here is that once a person knows how to instruct a software application, he or she should be able to instruct almost any software application that he or she becomes proficient in. In other words the skills are transferable.